The original formulation of transformational leadership theory comes from the work of James MacGregor Burns in his 1978 seminal piece, Leadership. Respondents were asked to write a letter to the manager to persuade him to. Get this from a library! [James MacGregor Burns] -- A systematic study, ranging from the salons of eighteenth-century Paris to the revolutionary cadres of the present century, views leadership as dialectic, synthetic, collective,.
James MacGregor Burns (August 3, 1918 in – July 15, 2014 in ) was an American historian and political scientist, presidential biographer, and authority on. He was the Woodrow Wilson Professor of Government Emeritus at and Distinguished Leadership Scholar at the James MacGregor Burns Academy of Leadership of the School of Public Policy at the. In 1971 Burns received the and the for his work on America's 32nd president,. Burns shifted the focus of leadership studies from the and actions of great men to the interaction of leaders and their constituencies as collaborators working toward mutual benefit. He was best known for his contributions to the, aspirational, and visionary schools of. Contents.
Biography Early life Burns grew up in where he attended grammar school at, and attended in neighboring, where he graduated in 1935. He received his bachelor's degree from in 1939, his Ph.D.
In political science from in 1947 and also attended the. Military service After graduating from Williams, Burns spent a year as an in Washington for Congressman. He spent a year at Harvard, then six months in working for the.
Burns was to serve in the as an enlisted U.S. Army combat historian, and was awarded the and four. Throughout his military adventures, Burns noticed that when leadership was mentioned, it was in terms of the traits and qualities of, but not soldiers. In 1947 he briefly worked for the, reviewing the operations of the 's National Maritime Office.
Academic career Burns joined the faculty of Williams College in 1947, and taught there for nearly 40 years, retiring in 1986. A member of the, he served as president of the and the. During the early 1990s he taught classes at the, where the James MacGregor Burns Academy of Leadership was named for him.
In 2010 he won the presented jointly by the and the. His students included. Political career A liberal, in 1958 Burns was the unsuccessful Democratic nominee in, meeting then-U.S. Senator and helping him gain Protestant support to get re-elected, while Kennedy helped him gain Catholic support. Burns gained personal access that allowed him to write his biography of Kennedy, published in 1960, which calls JFK 'casual as a cash register,' 'quiet, taut, efficient-sometimes, perhaps, even dull,' and generally too cerebral and lacking in heart. This angered Kennedy's wife, who said Burns 'underestimated' him.
Burns was eventually elected a delegate to four. Personal Professor Burns styled himself a.
He and his first wife had four children, three of who survived him. At the end of his life, he was friends with his first wife, but lived with his collaborator and longtime companion, Professor Susan Dunn.
Burns died in, on July 15, 2014, at 95, after publishing more than 20 books. Views on government As an admirer of a strong leader in the White House, Burns was critical of the U.S. Governmental system of, which he viewed as an obstacle to progress in times of a divided or oppositional Congress. In The Deadlock of Democracy (1963) and Packing the Court: The Rise of Judicial Power and the Coming Crisis of the Supreme Court (2009) he called for systemic changes, arguing for term limits for Supreme Court justices, an end to midterm elections, and a population-based Senate.
Burns also advocated repeal of the to allow effective U.S. Presidents to serve three or more terms of office. Theory of leadership Burns' Leadership (1978) founded the field of, introducing two types of leadership:, in which leaders focus on the relationship between the leader and follower, and, in which leaders focus on the beliefs, needs, and values of their followers. Excerpts:.
Leadership over human beings is exercised when persons with certain motives and purposes mobilize, in competition or conflict with others, institutional, political, psychological, and other resources so as to arouse, engage, and satisfy the motives of followers. In order to realize goals mutually held by both leaders and followers. Transformational leadership occurs when one or more persons engage with others in such a way that leaders and followers raise one another to higher levels of motivation and morality. That people can be lifted into their better selves is the secret of transforming leadership and the moral and practical theme of this work. His work has influenced other transformational leadership theorists such as, and , and inspired Georgia Jones Sorenson to found the Center for Political Leadership and Participation at the, which Burns joined in 1993, causing the center to be renamed in his honor in 1997 as the James MacGregor Burns Academy of Leadership; it later became an independent nonprofit organization. In 2016, the James MacGregor Burns Academy of Leadership will become part of Churchill College and the Moller Institute at Cambridge University in the United Kingdom.
Books. Congress on Trial: The Legislative Process and the Administrative State (, 1949). Government by the People (textbook) (1952 (20th ed. Roosevelt: The Lion and the Fox (, 1956). John Kennedy: A Political Profile (, 1960).
The Deadlock of Democracy: Four-Party Politics in America (, 1963). Government by the People: The Dynamics of American National Government (1963). Presidential Government: The Crucible of Leadership (, 1965). Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom (, 1970) (1971 ).( ). Uncommon Sense (1972).
Edward Kennedy and the Camelot Legacy (1976). Leadership (, 1978) ( ). The Vineyard of Liberty (, 1982) ( ). The Power to Lead: The Crisis of the American Presidency (, 1984). The Workshop of Democracy (, 1985) ( ). The Crosswinds of Freedom (, 1989) ( ).
Cobblestone Leadership: Majority Rule, Minority Power (, 1990). A People's Charter: The Pursuit of Rights in America (with ) (Knopf, 1991).
The Democrats Must Lead: The Case for a Progressive Democratic Party (with ) (1992). Dead Center: Clinton-Gore Leadership and the Perils of Moderation (with ) (1999). The Three Roosevelts: Patrician Leaders Who Transformed America, with Susan Dunn (, 2001) ( ). Transforming Leadership: A New Pursuit of Happiness (, 2003) ( ). George Washington (with ) (ed.
) (Times Books, 2004). Encyclopedia of Leadership (with and ) (2004).
Running Alone: Presidential Leadership — JFK to Bush II: Why It Has Failed and How We Can Fix It (Basic Books, 2006). Packing the Court: The Rise of Judicial Power and the Coming Crisis of the Supreme Court (, 2009) ( ). Fire and Light: How the Enlightenment Transformed Our World (, 2013) ( ). with Gerry Docherty: Hidden History: The Secret Origins of the First World War.
Edinburgh:, 2013 References. ^ Tony Dobrowolski (July 15, 2014). The Berkshire Eagle. ^ Weber, Bruce (July 15, 2014). The New York Times. ^ Scarpino, Philip (June 24, 2009).
Tobias Leadership Center: Indiana University. Retrieved 2018-07-08. Past winners & finalists by category. The Pulitzer Prizes.
Retrieved 2012-03-17. Retrieved 2012-03-17. Burns, James MacGregor. Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom, 1940-45. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1970. Burns, James MacGregor. Transforming Leadership: A New Pursuit of Happiness.
New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2003. Accardi, Dina (2012-11-25). Burlington Union. Archived from on 2013-07-29.
^ Matt Schudel (July 17, 2014). 'Historian won Pulitzer for biography on FDR'. The Baltimore Sun.
The New York Times. July 16, 2014. Burns, James MacGregor. Running Alone: Presidential Leadership—JFK to Bush II: Why It Has Failed and How We Can Fix It. New York: Basic Books, 2006. An exploration of transformational leadership and its role in strategic planning: A conceptual framework.
External links. on. A film clip is available at the.
A film clip is available at the. on. at. (1925–26). (1926–27). Jesse S.
Reeves (1927–28). (1928–29). Benjamin F. Shambaugh (1929–30).
(1930–31). (1931–32). Isidor Loeb (1932–33). Walter J. Shepard (1933–34). Francis W. Coker (1934–35).
(1935–36). Thomas Reed Powell (1936–37). (1937–38). Charles Grove Haines (1938–39). Robert C. Brooks (1939–40). (1940–41).
(1941–42). Robert E. Cushman (1942–43). (1943–44). John Gaus (1944–45). (1945–46).